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de Almeida, I.G.
Mastofauna de m‚dio e grande porte em um fragmento florestal e uma rea reflorestada no norte do Estado do Paran , Brasil
2008 Full Book
Forest fragmentation has been pointed as the main cause of world-wide biodiversity decline mainly for causing habitat reduction and increase of the edge effect, that can lead to the local disappearance of species. The presence of reforested areas around of the remnants might minimize the impacts of the fragmentation. In this context, the present study had as main objectives to know the richness and the diversity of species of medium and great mammals in a forest bush (107,8ha), a reforestation area (11,8ha) and it adjacencies in Fazenda Congonhas (Rancho Alegre, Paran ); to compare the efficiency of the applied methodologies and to compare the results gotten in the four seasons of the year. For the mammals survey in the habitats it was used the following methods: visual linear transect, identification of footprints in sand parcels and searches for other vestiges as, excrements, carcasses and vocalizations. In the surrounding areas were applied randomly searches for visualizations, footprints and other vestiges. It were identified 23 species included in the orders Didelphimorphia (0.7%), Cingulata (16.6%), Pilosa (0.2%), Primates (3.6%), Rodentia (30.8%), Lagomorpha (1.0%), Carnivora (45.9%) and Artiodactyla (1.2%). Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766) and Dasyprocta azarae Lichtenstein, 1823 were the most frequent species and Tamandua tetradactyla (Linnaeus, 1758), Guerlinguetus ingrami (Thomas, 1901), Sphiggurus villosus (F. Cuvier, 1823), Sylvilagus brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1758), Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771) and Eira barbara (Linnaeus, 1758) the less found. The native bush presented greater species riches (S=16) and diversity (H'=1,7872) in comparison to the reforestation area (S=13; H'=1,4959). The surroundings presented 19 species. The sand parcels method was the most satisfactory, followed by the randomly visualizations and footprints. The Qui-quadrado test showed a statistically significant difference for the records and non-significant for the species in each season. The fragment is relevant for the maintenance of biodiversity because it shelter many species and provides resources for great mammals. The reforested area possibly minimizes the lost of diversity and the fragmentation impacts, providing resources for half of the species found in the study.
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