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Trinca, C.T.
Densidade populacional de fel¡deos e riqueza de mam¡feros terrestres no sul da Amaz“nia
2014  Full Book

The objective of the present study was to estimate the population density of jaguar (_Panthera onca_) and ocelot (_Leopardus pardalis_), and the abundance and species richness of other terrestrial mammals on the Fazenda SÆo Nicolau, in the north of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, located in the southern Amazon basin. Camera traps were used to record the presence of the different species. Population parameters were estimated for the felids only in the forested areas, while the mammal community was analyzed also in impacted areas. Population density was estimated considering both open and closed populations. The conventional capture-recapture method (CAPTURE) and the Spatiall Explicit (SECR) model were used for the closed population analysis, while the Jolly-Seber and Pollock's robust design were used for the open population. A total of 10 jaguar were identified from 88 photo-records. Jaguar sexual ration was estimate in 1,5:1. Population estimates of the jaguar were performed only for 2010 using closed population models. Population density based on the CAPTURE and the maximum distance traveled (MMDM) average was estimated at 4.12 ind/km2. The SECR estimated density was 3.03 (ñ1,57) ind/km2. Overall, 24 ocelots were identified from 134 photo-records, with density being estimated for all four years based on both open and closed population models. Ocelot sexual ratio was 1:1. Population density was estimated in the four seasons following the use of closed and open population analysis. The results of the SECR were more moderate, estimating 7.87 (ñ3.0), 14.17 (ñ6.5), 10.46 (ñ4.4) and 7.36 (ñ2.9) ind/km2 between 2008 and 2011, respectively. The Jolly-Seber model obtained the highest estimates, 19.54, 25.01, 16.03, and 19.74 ind/km2, each season. Survival and population growth were also estimated for this species. This result indicates that the spatially explicit model was adequate for the understanding of the population dynamics of the two felid species. The average population density of the ocelot for four seasons in southern Amazonia based on SECR, was estimated on 11.81 (ñ2.29) ind/100km2 in a region with at least 25% of the disturbed area. Total mammalian richness for the study area was estimated at 26 species. In the altered habitat, species richness was estimated to be 18 species, although only 17 were recorded. The analysis of 24 indices of Beta diversity indicated a more homogeneous distribution of the species in the forested areas in comparison with the altered habitat.

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