IUCN / SSC Cat Specialist Group - Digital Cat Library |
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| Vitaliano, S.N. | |
| Isolamento e caracteriza‡Æo biol¢gica e genot¡pica de _Toxoplasma gondii_ em animais selvagens do Brasil | |
| 2012 Full Book | |
The present study aimed to isolate _Toxoplasma gondii_ from free-living and captive wild birds and mammals from different locations from Brazil, to perform the genotipic characterization of _T. gondii_ found in the analyzed tissue samples and to detect antibodies anti-_T. gondii_ in samples which were possible to obtain the serum. Serology was performed in 54 serum samples from different species of wild birds and mammals by the Modified Agglutination Test (MAT). From this total, 18 samples (five from birds and 13 from mammals) were seropositive for antibodies anti-_T. gondii_. For the isolation of the parasite, mice bioassay was performed. Brain and heart homogenates were submitted to peptic digestion and were inoculated in groups of five mice per animal sampled. Tissues of mice that died were examined for the presence of _T. gondii_. Mice were bled six weeks post-inoculation, and their sera were tested for anti-_T. gondii_ antibodies by MAT. Surviving mice were euthanized two months after the inoculation and their brains were examined for the presence of _T. gondii_ tissue cysts. _T. gondii_ was isolated in 18 wild animals (16 from different species of mammals and two from birds) from different locations. _T. gondii_ was isolated from one burrowing owl, one lineated woodpecker, three collared anteater, one hoary fox, one maned wolf, one oncilla (_Leopardus tigrinus_), one opossum, one paca, three nine-banded armadillo, two six-banded armadillo and three white-lipped peccary. Sixteen of the 18 isolates were lethal to 100% of inoculated mice. The genotypic characterization was performed using 12 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) Primary tissue samples which were positive in a trial PCR were also submitted to genotypic characterization. It was possible, by PCR/RFLP, to obtain the complete genotype of 22 samples, 15 from isolates and seven from primary tissue samples. It was not possible to accomplish the complete genotypic characterization in three isolates. In this 22 samples characterized, a total of 17 different genotypes were found with 13 of them described for the first time. Mortality of infected mice was compared between the different alleles of the marker CS3 in the 15 genotypes originated from isolates, which seven were type I, six were type II and alleles u-1 and u-3 were found in one isolate each. All the isolates presented 100% of mortality in infected mice. |
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