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Tilson, R.; Siswomartono, D.; Manansang, J.; Brady, G.; Armstrong, D.L.; Traylor-Holzer, K.; Byers, A.; Christie, P.; Salfifi, A.; Tumbelaka, L.; Christie, S.; Richardson, D.; Reddy, S.; Franklin, N.; Nyhus, P.
International co-operative efforts to save the Sumatran tiger
1997  International Zoo Yearbook (35): 129-138

The Endangered status of the Sumatran tiger _Panthera tigris sumatrae _is now well recognized around the world. with an estimated population of 400-500 remaining in the wild and c. 245 Sumatran tigers maintained _ex_ _situ. _In recognition of the situation, the Indonesian government has prioritized the steps necessary for effective conservation of the subspecies, formalized in 1994 in the Ministry of Forestry's far-sighted document, the _Indonesian Sumatran Tiger Conservation Strategy _(Ministry of Forestry, 1994). This document inspired the initiation of a multitude of programmes, which evolved into a multi-national conservation effort to save the Sumatran tiger, involving the World Conservation Union specialist groups, zoological parks, universities, governments and corporations working co-operatively with Indonesian forestry and wildlife agencies. In this article, we illustrate how the traditionally isolated fields of _ex situ _(zoos and captive management) and _in situ _conservation (wildlife agencies and field programmes) can work together. In today's world close co-operation of workers in these two fields will become increasingly necessary for effective conservation action.

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