IUCN / SSC Cat Specialist Group - Digital Cat Library |
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| Berry, H.H. | |
| Surveillance and control of anthrax and rabies in wild herbivores and carnivores in Namibia | |
| 1993 Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics) (12): 137-146 | |
Anthrax has been studied intensively in Etosha National Park, Namibia since 1966; in addition, since 1975, mortality due to rabies and all other causes has been recorded, totalling 6,190 deaths. Standard diagnostic procedures demonstrated that at least 811 deaths (13 %) were due to anthrax and 115 deaths (2 %) were caused by rabies. Of the total number of deaths due to anthrax, 97 % occurred in zebra (_Equus burchelli_), elephant (_Loxodonta africana)_, wildebeest (_Connochaetes taurinus_) and springbok (_Antidorcas marsupialis_) while 96 % of rabies deaths occurred in kudu (_Tragelaphus strepsiceros_), jackal (_Canis mesomelas_), bat-eared fox (_Otocyon megalotis_) and lion (_Panthera leo_). Anthrax deaths were highest in the rainy season for zebra, wildebeest and springbok, while elephant mortality peaked during dry seasons. No statistical relationship existed between seasonal rainfall and overall incidence of either anthrax or rabies. Control of anthrax is limited to prophylactic inoculation when rare or endangered species are threatened. Incineration of anthrax carcasses and chemical disinfection of drinking water are not feasible at Etosha. Rabies control consists of the destruction of rabid animals and incineration of their carcasses when possible. |
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