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Caro, T.M.; FitzGibbon, C.D.; Holt, M.E.
Physiological costs of behavioural strategies for male cheetahs
1989  Animal Behaviour (38): 309-317

In adult _Acinonyx jubatus_ some males compete fiercely for access to territories, become residents and encounter females within territories; others seek out females in the course of a nomadic existence. Non-resident male cheetahs are in poor health compared to resident males, and are both behaviourally and physiologically stressed. They not only spend a lower per cent of time in exposed resting places and more time alert than residents, but they also have raised cortisol levels, suggesting behavioural differences associated with their status may contribute to their poor physical condition.

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