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| Acosta-Jamett, G.; Simonetti, J.A.; Bustamante, R.O.; Dunstone, N. | |
| Metapopulation approach to assess survival of Oncifelis guigna in fragmented forests of central Chila: a theoretical model | |
| 2003 Mastozoologia Neotropical (10): 217-229 | |
Habitat loss and fragmentation have been identified as the main threats to the survival of the kodkod, Oncifelis guigna, an endangered felid endemic to the temperate forests of southern Chile and Argentina. In Chile O. guigna is considered endangered, and is restricted to native forests. The continuing reduction and fragmentation of these forests, particularly in the coastal mountain chain of central Chile, constitutes a threat to its survival. In a theoretical exercise we employ a metapopulation approach to infer probability of maintenance of protected populations of O. guigna in national parks and reserves of the coastal zone of central Chile between 35§ 30' and 38§ S. We used the S. Harrison classification to determine the type of metapopulation depending on the size and degree of isolation of existing populations in the forest fragments. Thus, we identified 11 potential metapopulations, of which eight would be in non-equilibrium state (extinct or near extinction), one mainland-island type and two that were unclassified. One metapopulation located within the Nahuelbuta National Park is surrounded by native forest fragments and was deemed viable in the long-term. On the other hand, another metapopulation, composed of Los Queules and Los Ruiles National Reserves, could be maintained if an active conservation program is established to protect the native forest fragments surrounding them; otherwise this population will also tend to extinction. Through this model we may infer that O. guigna populations in central Chile would require the preservation of small native forest fragments placed outside protected areas. Finally, we point out the necessity for further field research on this species to calibrate our model. |
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