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Croes, B.M.; Funston, P.J.; Ramussen, G.; Buij, R.; Saleh, A.; Tumenta, P.N.; De longh, H.H.
The impact of trophy hunting on lions (Panthera leo) and other large carnivores in the B‚nou‚ Complex, northern Cameroon
2011  Biological Conservation (144 ): 3064-3072

In West and Central Africa large carnivores have become increasingly rare as a consequence of rapid habitat destruction and lack of resources for protected area management. The B‚nou‚ Complex (23,394 km2) in northern Cameroon is a regionally critical area for large mammal conservation. In the complex lions (_Panthera leo_), leopards (_Panthera pardus_) and spotted hyenas (_Crocuta crocuta_) are formally protected in three national parks and 28 hunting zones. Over-hunting may be having a strong additive effect precipitating declines in large carnivore numbers across the complex. We used a coarse level track index method to estimate the relative abundance of these three species both in hunting zones and national parks. The results were interpreted with respect to ungulate abundance, and hunting impact. There was no significant difference between the densities of medium to larger species of ungulates in the hunting zones and the national parks, and no difference in leopard and spotted hyena densities in the respective areas. However, lions occurred at significantly lower densities in the hunting zones, and even in the national parks occurred at significantly lower densities than prey biomass would predict.

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