IUCN / SSC Cat Specialist Group - Digital Cat Library |
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| Lestari, N.S. | |
| Studi Habitat Harimau Sumatera (_Panthera tigris sumatrae_ Pocock, 1929) di Taman Nasional Way Kambas | |
| 2006 Full Book | |
The Sumatran tiger (_Panthera tigris sumatrae_ Pocok, 1929) belongs to the protected category in Indonesia under Government Regulation No. 7 of 1999 and is included in Appendix I of CITES. One of the reasons of the population decrease is the reduced quality and quantity of habitat. Way Kambas National Park is one of the most important areas for the conservation of Sumatran tigers, whose existence is highly dependent on habitat conditions. Sufficient information on the habitat and its function is required as a basis for the conservation of tigers. This study aims to identify the tiger habitat functions and characteristics in the Way Kambas National Park: (1) Potential prey (abundance); (2) cover (vegetation structure, crown cover and ground cover); and (3) water (water sources, depth, width, pH). Research to obtein data in the field was conducted in September and November 2005. A vegetation analysis was performed. The availability of prey was studied with line transects and tiger scats were analysed macroscopically, whereas the availability of water is known to the inventory of water sources used by tigers to drink and bath as well as its characteristics. Sumatran tigers in Way Kambas National Park occupy a wide range of habitat types: lowland forest, swamp forest and burned forest. Based on the found tiger signs, they do not require forests with complete vegetation strata. Sumatran tiger densities are influenced by the density of vegetation. This probably relates to the difficulty with which tigers can see and catch their prey. The Sumatran tiger is not resistant to heat and thus requires shade. Crown cover is therefore a factor inluencing tiger occurrence during the day. Additionally, tigers also use reeds as a resting place, a place to hide for stalking its prey and as a place to eat. The available prey species in Way Kambas National Park are wild boar, sambar, deer (muntjac), monkeys, siamang and sun bear. Wild boar, sambar, monkeys and deer were found in the macroscopic analysis of scats. During the dry season, water availability in Way Kambas National Park is very limited. The water sources generally have turbid water and are relatively acidic with a pH of 6. |
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