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Berry, H.H.
Abnormal levels of disease and predation as limiting factors for wildebeest in the Etosha National Park
1981 Madoqua (12): 242-253
Investigations between 1975-78 established that a combination of disease, namely anthrax, and excessive numbers of predators, especially lion, were responsible for the sharp decline in wildebeest numbers, On average, 62 % of all wildebeest carcases tested positive for anthrax, while predators were not susceptible to anthrax. The levels of other disease and parasites were low. Predator-prey ratios were estimated to be between 1 :72-105 which are higher than average. Primary factors for raised anthrax and predator levels were the fencing of Etosha which precludes migration, the development of alkalinc gravel pits for road building, and the construction of artificial water points
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